Andrey Velikanov adds the concept of Simulation to his dictionary of contemporary philosophy.
Ancient Greeks started studying physis, Enlightenment thinkers put reason above nature, and the Modern man decided to transform it—create a new world with his own hands. However, human-made culture—the simulated reality in which we feel more comfortable than in the wild—can get out of hand and develop chaotically and without an author. The idyllic world of human-in-nature has ceased to exist. Today, reality is beyond interpretation. It is unknown, intimidating, incomprehensible and resistant to interpretation. The best metaphor for the current situation is that of a primitive man in the natural world he does not understand. The only possible way of interacting with such a world is through magic rituals.
‘These would be the successive phases of the image: it is the reflection of a basic reality; it masks and perverts a basic reality; it masks the absence of a basic reality; it bears no relation to any reality whatever: it is its own pure simulacrum. In the first case, the image is a good appearance: the representation is of the order of sacrament. In the second, it is an evil appearance: of the order of malefice. In the third, it plays at being an appearance: it is of the order of sorcery. In the fourth, it is no longer in the order of appearance at all, but of simulation. ’ (Jean Baudrillard. Simulacra and Simulation)